Aim. To consider the axiological orientation of the means of representing desires in the context of the value hierarchy of the individual based on the text of the novel by M. A. Sholokhov “They Fought for their Homeland”.
Methodology. The subject of the study in the article is the value characteristics of the representational system of the concept DESIRE and linguistic units with the semantics of the same name in the author’s speech and in the lines of the characters of the above-mentioned work. There are identified and analyzed multilevel language means, grammatical and lexical-syntactic, demonstrating the axiological potential of the concept and working to create an artistic image. During the research there were used methods of observation, generalization, interpretation of results and discourse analysis.
Results. A significant fragment of the individual-author’s conceptual sphere of M. A. Sholokhov, reflecting the value attitudes of the individual, is presented from a new perspective, it is determined the axiological component of the concept DESIRE, it is established the role of sentences containing multilevel verbalizers of this concept, embodying the value system of the novel’s heroes – Russian soldiers, there are systematized the means of the category of optativity, with the help of which the mechanism of creating an artistic image in the idiostyle of M. A. Sholokhov is realized.
Research implications. The results of the research make it possible to identify the linguaxiological component of the means of expressing the desires of an individual on the original text material, which has not previously been subjected to such an analysis, to designate their value potential, and expand and supplement the idea of the possibilities of the language and style of M. A. Sholokhov.

Aim. To prove that perceptual vocabulary with the meaning of sound is one of the most important linguistic means in M. A. Sholokhov’s idiosyncrasy and to determine the possibilities of this vocabulary in reflecting the psychological state of the characters in the chapters from Sholokhov’s novel “They Fought for the Motherland.”
Methodology. The linguistic material from the novel “They Fought for the Motherland” was collected and analyzed using the targeted sampling method. Using the structural-semantic method, the functioning of perceptual vocabulary with the meaning of sound is investigated as one of the important means of expressing the truth of life and the psychological state of a character for the writer’s idiosyncrasy.
Results. It has been established that in the chapters from the novel “They Fought for the Motherland” perceptual vocabulary with the meaning of sound is one of the main means of reflecting M. A. Sholokhov’s idiosyncrasy and expressing the psychological state of the character in peacetime and wartime; it reflects the joy of being in ordinary life and the inhuman conditions of war in which the characters are forced to exist. The sounds of war destroy a person physically, disrupt his psychological state, make him feel all-encompassing fear, but they cannot break the strength of the spirit and the desire for victory.
Research implications. The results obtained complement the theory of the functioning of linguistic units in a literary text, expand the understanding of the idiosyncrasies of M. A. Sholokhov. The analyzed material can be used in the practice of teaching Russian at universities and schools.

Aim. To demonstrate the diversity of phraseological units (PU) identified during the compilation of the concordance of the story by M. A. Sholokhov “Nakhalyonok” (“The Naughty Boy”).
Methodology. All the phrases are checked against the data of phraseological dictionaries, most belong to the periphery of phraseology. Stable combinations are divided into customary and transformed national phrases, dialectal and authorial.
Results. An attempt has been made to divide PU into groups based on use in different works of the author, which will make it possible to identify the core and peripheral phraseological units of the writer’s poetics.
Research implications. Working on the concordance with attention to each word makes it possible to clarify the phraseological units reflected in the dictionaries of the writer’s language, and to prove the unity of M. A. Sholokhov’s style as the author of “Don Stories” and novels.

Aim. The article examines the syntagmatic connections of words with the root ulyb (smile) in M. A. Sholokhov’s novel “And Quiet Flows the Don”.
Methodology. The lexemes smile, small smile, half-smile, to smile, to break into a smile (smile), smilingly, smiley (unsmiling), smiling, having smiled are analyzed, the most frequent semantic partners of these linguistic units are identified, meliorative and pejorative evaluative characteristics of the “Cossack smile” are presented. A systematic description of the realization of these words in a work of fiction proves that M. A. Sholokhov expands their semantic structure due to connotative meanings.
Results. 718 units with the root ulyb (smile) are analyzed, syntagmatic and paradigmatic connections used by the author to reveal the emotional state of the characters are established. Based on this, the main characteristics of the “Cossack smile” were determined.
Research implications. The study of this material has shown that the evaluative characteristics of the syntagmatic environment diagnose a change in the semantic content of a particular linguistic unit. The practical significance of the research is determined by the possibility of applying materials and conclusions in teaching the stylistics of the Russian language, the language of fiction.

Aim. To analyze the structure, semantics and pragmatics of temporalemes in M. A. Sholokhov’s short story “The Shepherd”.
Methodology. Using the method of continuous targeted sampling, examples are identified in the story, to which the method of structural and semantic analysis is applied, which helps to study the grammatical and semantic features of temporalemes.
Results. The greatest use of syntaxes and adverbs as temporalemes is noted. It is proved that the author’s desire for realism and plausibility of the presentation of events is emphasized through using simple primitive units. The use of temporal substantive phrases and adjectives leads to a metaphorization of time and a philosophical rethinking of events.
Research implications. The study updates the term “temporaleme”, which can be used in the study of non-isosemic means and time of utterances.

Aim. To identify the main types of bisubstantive sentences with the semantics of identification in the texts of M. A. Sholokhov and determine their functional potential.
Methodology. The article analyzes bisubstantive sentences with the semantics of identification, found by the method of continuous sampling in the corpus of texts by M. A. Sholokhov; the method of structural-semantic analysis of linguistic units is used.
Results. The analysis allowed us to establish that bisubstantive sentences with the semantics of identification are often used in Sholokhov’s prose, and the frequency of one or another semantic variety is determined by the goals and individual style of M. A. Sholokhov.
Research implications. The materials and results of the conducted research can be used in studying the syntax of M. A. Sholokhov’s prose and can also expand theoretical knowledge about the semantics of identification in the Russian language.

Aim. To study M. Sholokhov’s reception of L. Tolstoy’s legacy and process the Soviet writer’s innovation in depicting the image of the estate and the estate topos in the epic “And Quiet Flows the Don”.
Methodology. The article shows echoes and correlations, ideological connections between the epics of Tolstoy and Sholokhov, compares the characters and personalities related to estate life. The similarity of the estate life in both writers is noted, consisting in its closedness, isolation, the presence of an internal static order, as well as its difference, consisting in the fact that in Sholokhov we see an inexorable and unidirectional process of noble impoverishment, a depiction of historical redistribution and the last stage of estate existence. The main research methods in the work were comparative, comparative-historical, the method of holistic analysis, the axiological method.
Results. Sholokhov’s creative assimilation of Tolstoy’s discoveries contributed to the fact that the young writer of the 20th century was able to take an innovative approach to the depiction of the next stage of Russian life and its turning point, show them on an appropriate scale using different degrees of specification and generalization. The work proves that the theme of estate life in its implementation in “And Quiet Flows the Don” has significant echoes with its embodiment in “War and Peace”. Many of Tolstoy’s characters allowed Sholokhov to better understand estate life and the image of a real landowner. The image of father and son Listnitsky in “And Quiet Flows the Don” became both a tribute to the estate past of Russia and a clear illustration of the final degeneration of many nobles at the stage of Russia’s participation in the First World War.
Research implications. The theoretical significance of the study is associated with the understanding of Sholokhov’s creative assimilation of Tolstoy’s epic techniques, the use of the 20th century writer many images and parallels already existing in classical literature, with the latter’s unconditional innovation. Practical significance is determined by the many significant correlations of artistic worlds, an explanation of the ideas and techniques used by the writers.

Aim. To give a historical, cultural and literary characteristic of the publications of the “Zvezda” journal devoted to the work of M. A. Sholokhov in the context of the literary and critical process of the 1920s – early 1940s.
Methodology. The research is based on historical-cultural and semantic-stylistic methods.
Results. For the first time, a general description is given of the publications of the “Zvezda” journal devoted to the work of M. A. Sholokhov in the late 1920s – early1940s, and articles that are significant for Sholokhov studies are analyzed in detail.
Research implications. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific project “M. A. Sholokhov in Soviet criticism of the 1920s–1930s” by the Gorky Institute of World Literature RAS. Russian literature, the history of Russian criticism, and the works of M. A. Sholokhov can be used in the reading of basic university courses on the history of Russian literature of the twentieth century.

Aim. To consider the symbolic motif of the wolf as the basis for creating an artistic model of the world in M. Sholokhov’s early stories.
Methodology. The article uses the procedures of motive and contextual analysis, the method of linguocultural description of mythologemes, analysis of the spatiotemporal organization of the text, and the method of keyword analysis to identify the symbolism of the wolf image.
Results. The image of the wolf as a continuous symbolic motif of M. Sholokhov's “Tales from the Don” is analyzed. The main parameters of the motive organization of the stories under consideration are characterized: the ambivalence of the image of the wolf which reveals its contradictory nature; anthropomorphization of the image of a wolf presented in the use of the psychological parallelism technique when comparing the natural and human characteristics of the depicted; the structure of the chronotope is described as a condition for the implementation of the author's intention; thematic vectors of the development of the wolf motif are highlighted, the main ones being the themes of revenge and tragic confrontation in the depiction of the characters’ personalities.
Research implications. The paper substantiates the methodology of motive analysis for identifying the symbolic meanings of mythologemes in the relationship between folklore tradition and the author’s world modeling.

Aim. To analyze the ways of artistic representation of the Russian national concept of "longing" in the epic novel by Mikhail Sholokhov “Tikhiy Don” (“And Quiet Flows the Don”).
Methodology. The key method in the study was the conceptual-cultural approach. With its help, the analysis of the national-specific image of the world in the epic novel by Mikhail Sholokhov “And Quiet Flows the Don” was carried out, the most important dominant of the author’s consciousness – the Russian concept of “longing” – was determined. The historical-literary, structural-poetic, poetic-typological methods of analysis were also used.
Results. In Sholokhov’s novel “And Quiet Flows the Don”, the Russian concept of “longing” is the most important dominant of the author’s consciousness and reflects mainly national perception of this emotional experience. It forms an extensive axiological and figurative-motivational field in which numerous meanings of the constant are realized. The bearers of longing in the novel are mainly female characters and Grigory Melekhov.
Research implications. The theoretical significance lies in clarifying the mechanisms of artistic representation of the Russian concept of “longing” using the example of a large-scale genre formation - the epic novel.