Linguistic data are the source of the study
of ancient regional onomastics. They allow to interpret
the available material in terms of its linguistic origin, as
well as to establish the belonging of a group of toponyms
to the speakers of a dialect. The paper provides
a theoretical justifi cation of effectiveness of comparing
the linguistic and onomastic data, and basing on the
toponymic material of the Middle (Ryazan) Oka demonstrates
the possibility of such correlation, indicating
directions for further regional studies.

This article emphasized the suggestibility
of an advertising slogan - the ability of information to
penetrate the consciousness of the recipient, bypassing
the critical barriers of consciousness - as one of its key
features along with traditional conciseness and expressiveness.
This statement is supported with the results of
a comparative analysis of front-line features of advertising
slogan and spell text, which have a lot in common
in many parameters on the grammatical, lexical and
phonetic levels.

In the article the author studies the functional
dependence of understanding the sentence on
the extent of understanding its composite components,
offers a graphical model of understanding the individual
components of the sentence, creates a theoretical model
for understanding the whole sentence, breaks the depth
of understanding at three levels, and introduces the numerical
designation of levels of understanding. The article
explains the concept of corridor of understanding
and extent point, and provides graphical analysis of
the sentences in fi ction.

The article is devoted to the problem of organizing
linguistic asymmetry. Among the asymmentrys
features stand out organizing, expanding and differentiating
ones. Their interaction can help to distinguish the
structural and the functional types, the fi rst of which is
subdivided into inner-pair, turning and the ball varieties.
The functional asymmetry behaves as a function of the
inverse relationship and the structure of a linguistic unit
that is found in the Russian language, for example, by
the existence of zero-forms.

The article deals with the Russian sentences
such as Where would we go tonight? It is proved that
the variety of sentences is a combination of two types -
a question and an optative. The description showed
their structural, semantic and functional (communicative-
pragmatic) aspects. The article provides a list of
questions to describe the mechanism of formation of
these communication types of sentences. To clarify the
specifi city the author compared such sentences with interrogative
and interrogative-declarative ones.

The article deals with the semantic-functional
features of the preposition poryadka in relation
to other markers of the approximation and its semantic
identity as a means of the quantifying landmark, as a
way of expressing the exact approximateness, that is
caused by the semantic content source noun poryadok -
its general linguistic and terminological value. Analyzing
the stylistically diverse contexts (from non-fi ction,
oral, journalistic, informal oral speech, etc.), the author
proposes to clarify the stylistic skills of approximator
poryadka, which is more and more actively used in the
offi cial public speech beginning of the 21st century.

This article deals with the complex of color
epithets and shows their structural and semantic models.
Attracting rich illustrative material allowed to reveal how
in development of Russian literary language through
metaphorical actualization of foundations of the relative
adjectives expanded operation of such units. The active
use of composite colourative that acts as an epithet in
the artistic space for a specifi c writer is a marker of his
mental-lingual picture of the world.

This article deals with the major components
of the sign system of legislative discourse. The
legislative discourse, viewed from the perspective of the
semiotic approach is a sign system, which is the result
of interaction of the texts within the legal institutional
discourse. As a result, the sign essence of legislative
discourse - linguistic and cultural codes gain special
signifi cance and suppose a set of different linguistic
means, that are used in the legislative texts and that
require special explanation.

The paper is devoted to identifying new
trends in the functioning of addresses in public speech
and to analysis of new their forms caused by new areas
and situations of communication. The author examines
how citizens address the Russian President on videoblogs
and at hot lines, how they address MVD and
GIBDD with regards to the renaming militia to police,
and the use of address in the genre of interview and
address to the audience. The author analyzed written
texts of media, verbal communication on radio and TV,
as well as communication on the Internet.

The paper analyzes the stylistic changes
in Praslavic nouns preserved in the modern Russian
language, in comparison with the closely related Czech
language. Bilingual study gives the possibility to set specifi
c features of Russian language in terms of functioning
of Praslavic vocabulary in it. The author concluded that
stylistic changes in Slavonic languages are language
universals, and the nature of the stylistic development of
Common Slavonic lexemes is nationally specifi c, which
leads to lexical-stylistic asymmetry in the modern Slavic
languages in the use of Praslavic lexicon.

The article deals with the representation
of the token eyes through metaphorical units in
the fantastic tales by Bulgakov The Fatal Eggs and
Heart of a Dog, determines its place in the conceptual
structures of the literary works. On this material is given
the interpretation of the metaphors with the component
«eyes», their role is revealed in the formation of emotional,
thematic and plot-composition levels of the text,
as well as in terms of its ideological and artistic content
and individual perception of the reality.

The paper is devoted to the image of the
main character of the autobiographical stories about a
childhood. The choice of research objects is based on
the fact that the authors belong to a single culture. The
comparison of the works revealed a general features in
representation of I. The narrative goes from the fi rst
person, and the image of the narrator is implicit. The
narrators point of view is manifested mainly in the use
comic devices as a universal means of self-interpretation
and re-evaluation of the past. The components of
the image of the child are the characteristic features of
childrens perception of the world, while the representation
of socially signifi cant identity is markedly reduced.
Images of fantasy, meditation or dreams emphasize the
uniqueness of the inner world of the little character.

The autograph of anecdote of Special
Notebook by Catherine II is analyzed within the
framework of historical and cultural context that led to
its appearance. In this regard, there are three levels
of its function: 1) family and social discontent with the
government, 2) an implicit but daring claim for political
power, and 3) expression of the doctrine of enlightening
authorities (education and training subjects, court
etiquette, the philosophical basis of the rulers thinking
and ancient examples of this thinking).

In this paper the author outlines the semantics
of the keyword time in the dynamics of epochs.
The frequency of connotations of lexeme time at different
epochs is associated with the genre-generic characteristics
of literature. The differentiation of meanings is
found in the immediate contexts: in prose - denotative,
in poetry - connotative. Among a variety of contexts
tropes have more connotations, but their quality varies.
In some cases, the metaphor has only one connotation
and tends to be poetic cliché, but in others - attracts a
lot of connotations, evolving into a unique set of metaphorical
time.

The article deals with ideological and
religious solidarity of views on the fate of Russia by
Lermontov and his saint contemporary Seraphim. The
author studies the motives common to Seraphims
teaching and Lermontovs poetry. Lermontovs work is
considered in the context of Russian Orthodox worldview.
New sources for Lermontovs literary plots and
composition are revealed. The author maintains a deep
inner relationship between Lermontovs poetics of chronotope
and great Russian Elders experience.

This paper identifi ed different semantic aspects
of the concept of virtue and denoted the relationship
of ethical concepts of Russian writers in the 18th
century with individual elements of pagan and Christian
morality. The author analyzed the infl uence of the Enlightenment
on the moral category of Russian literature,
among which, of course, central one is the concept of
virtue. The study showed that the predominant place
in the works of writers of the period belongs to the concept
of moral and civic virtue, less common is the notion
of national virtue, quite often the concept of female
virtue is used in the meaning of chastity. The concept
of virtue is most often used in high style of speech,
sometimes in an ironic context of medium style.

This author studies the functioning of complex
of motifs in the novel Oblomov associated with the
images of the vessel and cup / bowl. The analysis of the
elements of pottery symbols, metonymically related to
gastronomy, helps to better understand the nature of the
relationship between the characters of Oblomov and
to comprehend determining power of relations not only
in Goncharovs key novel, but also in all writers works.
Using the pottery symbolism for valuation changes
that occur in the life of the characters, the novelist, not
only appeals to the traditional view, but also imbues the
texts with his mythology.

The author studies the image of Petersburg
in the novel Mussorgskys poor love, one of the
most famous works of a talented writer and journalist
among the Russian expatriate authors I. Lucas. The image
of Petersburg plays an important role in the works
of writer and can be viewed from many perspectives.
This paper focuses on the analysis of the close relationship
between the citys space and the inner world of
characters. In addition to identifying the features of the
urban landscape, details that form the atmosphere of
Petersburg, the author also reveals meaningful for the
writer motives and images, such as motives of travels
and time, images of music and home.

The article deals with the philosophical
foundations of the later poetry of P. Vyazemsky: the
meaning of life, death, conscience, honor, faith and happiness.
Confessions of an infi nite weariness, waiting for
death motive, the desire to go back in time become apparent
in the later poetry of Vyazemsky. The life of the
poet has always been a heavy cross, and the deep and
sincere faith in God helped to endure the hardships. In
the spiritual lyricism the poet focuses on the relationship
between man and God, divine providence, predestination
of the lifes journey.

In the article the author analyzed on the
material lexicographical sources the historical changes
of the semantic structure of polysematnic word leg since
the appearance of the token in the Praslavonic language
to date. The author studies the basic vectors of the semantic
development of somatism, associative basis of
new lexical and semantic variants of the word. The analysis
and comparison of the values of the polysemantic
word in different periods of time makes it possible to
identify the causes of the quantitative and qualitative
changes in the semantic structure of the token.

The article deals with hidden and not found
until now parody of Gogols Inspector in the novel by
F. Dostoevskys Demons. The task of this work is to
expand notions of textual background of the novel Demons.
This study allows to connect the named works
on multiple levels: the plot, the composition, the images,
moreover, it also shows the possibility of this connection
in the ideological and philosophical discourse of F.
Dostoyevsky. The author analyzed in detail the relationship
between citing and cited texts, found combining
both text-link contact, which is represented in papercentrism
of Governor Andrey Lembke (Demons), and
stated reminiscent connections of both texts and their
interpretation.

The paper is devoted to one of the special
images in Nikolay Gumilevs poetic heritage - the image
of Scandinavia. The Scandinavian motifs are studied in
the poets early and a mature lyrics. Special attention is
paid to the book of poems Fire (1918). The purpose
of the poems analysis is to defi ne the features of formation
of individual poets style. The main idea of this
paper is that Gumilevs Scandinavian motifs are closely
associated with the Russian idea in his poetry.

In the article the author studies the formation
of a new polystylistic culture during the Perestroyka
period (1985 - 1991) and role of returned literature
publications in magazine Ogonyok in that process.
The author gives a list of major writers whose works
were published on the pages of the edition, and proves
that the problem of returned literature in the magazine
with an active democratic position formed new to modern
journalism columns and ways of communicating with
the reader, making the Russian literature an important
factor in changing public consciousness.

The author of the article explored the
issue of the comic in the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky
in Russian literary criticism. Belinsky was one of the
fi rst who pointed out the comic talent of Dostoevsky. In
the early 20th century in the center of literary research
was often the question of combining the comic with
the tragic (Belinsky), parody in the early Dostoevskys
works (Tynyanov), carnivalesque laughter dominant of
polyphonic structure of the novels (Bakhtin). Along with
the features of humor, irony and satire the author also
studied the personality of the writer, the place of the
comic in its artistic and aesthetic concepts. Bright, good
humor in the early works of Dostoevsky and complication
of the structure of the comic in later novels is still an
important issue in contemporary literary criticism. From
Poor Folk to The Brothers Karamazov comic element
is inherent in the creative method of the writer.

The article deals with the formation of
Gogol as a writer, the stages of this formation, Alexander
Pushkins infl uence on the works of Nikolai Gogol.
The author also explained the reasons why the writer
appealed to the Christian subjects. The study is based
on the essay Authors Confession, in which Gogol was
talking about his development as a writer. In the writers
refl ections on his career the author of Dead Souls
came to the conclusion that the true author is the one
who is a citizen of his land in the highest sense of the
word.

The 60-70 years of the 19th century were
marked by the awareness of childrens literature as a
distinct type of literature. Many problems were revealed,
in particular, the problem of distance, which should or
should not be between the author and the child as recipient,
for the stories to get the desired response from an
audience of children. This article presents refl ections on
this subject of Antonovich and Tolstoy, who couldnt accept
Ushinskiys approach. The work also makes a step
toward understanding how Tolstoys views on pedagogy
infl uenced his literary work.

The author analyzes a number of poems of
the poet-realist Ivan Bunin and shows how the Scythian
theme developed in his work, and what philosophical
and aesthetic reasons are behind the shift of Scythians
interpretation as a historical fact to the chanting of the
Scythians as a phenomenon of the spirit. The researcher
concludes that the so-called Scythian text of Russian literature
has above-aesthetic nature and argues that it is
an expression of spiritual and aesthetic values of the pre-
Revolutionary era of Russian society abroad.

The article presents a comparative analysis
of two autobiographical memoirs of the War of 1812. The
purpose of this paper is to identify typological features
of the genre of Russian military notes memoirs of the
fi rst third of the 19th century. The notes belong to the
authors of the second row not engaged in literary work
professionally. Basing on the analysis the researcher
concludes that the genre of memoir prose, the military
notes, has its own typology, expressed in the principles
of selection, images and evaluation of events.