Purpose. To explore the peculiarities of interaction between addressee and addressant in business discourse and its strategies and tactics in verbal and written communication. Methodology and Approach. The study is based on the hypothesis that types of relationships between participants of the communicative act in business communications and their strategies depend on the speech genre. The analysis of scientific literature and genres of discourse showed the main speech strategies of the addressant of communication. The article examines the configurations of statuses and roles of the participants of business communications and basic addressing methods. Results. Based on the results of the study, the author concluded that the most striking signs of business speech are emphasized directivity and standardization, which are manifested in the genre diversity. Theoretical and Practical implications. The conclusions can be used in practical learning of business communication, personal growth training, as well as in descriptive studies on business discourse.

Purpose. The paper examines the verbal means of the expression of fright, namely, we discuss the usage of the secondary interjection Batyushki!, which etymologically originates from the vocative batyushka (lit. daddy). Methodology and Approach. In the article, we discuss the history of the interjection Batyushki! and analyse modern contexts of its usage, which helps us to propose the integrated description of this lexical unit. The research methodology was based on contextual analysis. We analysed texts extracted from the National Corpus of the Russian Language (more than 100 examples). The semantic description of the interjection was based on the materials of general explanatory and specialized dictionaries of the Russian language. Results. As a result of the study, the process of the formation of interjection Batyushki! from the etymologically originated vocative batyushka was illustrated. The paper proposes a classification of the contextual usage of the interjection Batyushki! It also describes the verbal and non-verbal characteristics of a person's emotional behaviour in the state of fright. Theoretical and Practical implications. The proposed analysis can help to create a model for the description of different types of interjection expressions. It also helps to describe the means, by which the emotional state of a speaker is expressed in the Russian language. The results of our analyses can be useful in the practice of teaching Russian to Russians, Russian to foreigners, and in the theory and practice of translation.

Purpose. The article deals with the discursive semantics of the modal word вообще and its role in the formation of the text’s point of view. Methodology and Approach. The author analyzes the corpus of texts that include the modal word вообще, makes observations about the dependence of discursive semantics on the position in a sentence, and reveals modal meanings of the unit in its different uses. Results. The article presents differences between the modal particle and the introductory modal word. In all its uses, вообще gives an assessment. Each, acting as a means of communication, a particle and an introductory modal word, combines and generalizes different meanings. The work demonstrates the modus specificity of a particle accumulating the meanings of the proximity to the threshold of the norm - commonness, conventionality, repeatability. The introductory word has its characteristics. It generalizes the previous context, softens the meaning of the message, warns that the speaker does not attach particular importance to the information. Theoretical and Practical Implications. Implications relate to the identification of the discursive semantics of the modal word вообще formed by the conditions of text use. The connection of different uses вообще with an internal or external point of view is shown. The modus features of the particle and the introductory modal word are presented.

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the semantic and structural features of temporal sentences with the meaning of sequence. Methodology and Approach. The present article is devoted to the research of temporal sentences with the meaning of sequence. The compound sentence with subordinate temporal clauses takes a vital place among complex sentences and requires special attention for the specification of its sense. In this work, the principles of designing of temporal sentences with various conjunctions are considered, an attempt to explain structural and semantic features of such designs is made. Also, the specifics of the use of aspect-temporal forms of verbs in compound sentences with the meaning of time are analyzed. Results. The novelty of the proposed approach is that the study presented the distinguishing criteria and similarities between the conjunctions used in the sentence and analyzed the parameters of the aspect-temporal verb forms in the primary and subordinate parts. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The tasks posed in the article are dictated by the need to clarify the semantic nuances of various subordinate conjunctions, with the help of which the temporal meaning is expressed. The significance of the proposed classification of description is determined by the need for research of the dynamics of the status characteristics of temporal sentences with a sequence meaning in order to perspectively present the latest results of their system analysis.

Purpose. The article aims to analyze the actual problem of the terms "discourse" and "children's discourse". The objective of this work is to study the content and semantic scope of the two terms to reveal their interconnections in linguistic science. Methodology and Approach. The paper considers several different interpretations of the term discourse in linguistics, identifies the similarities and differences of different points of view, identifies the opinion supported by the author, and indicates the reasons. Based on the refinement of the concept of discourse, the study on the role of children's discourse in the general system of discourse and their relationship are deepened. Results. The article presents an analysis of the viewpoints of several researchers on this topic. According to the results of the analysis, the author made a conclusion on the definition and interrelation of terms. The study of the theoretical foundations of discourse and children's discourse will allow a deeper consideration of children's speech, its specifics, and the process of development, reflection of children's psychology in different linguocultural environments. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The practical significance of this work lies in the fact that the verbal stage of language development is reflected in the children's discourse. The study of children's discourse can provide theoretical support, in particular, in the preparation and use of textbooks in the educational process. Based on the analysis of children's speech products, various problems of language learning can be considered.

Purpose. The article considers the linguistic personality of the “commentator-analyst” working in the genre of sports commentary. The purpose of the article is to study the manifestation of the linguistic personality of a sports journalist as a commentator in the verbal commentatory. Methodology and Approach. The relevance of the researched topic is determined by the interest of linguists in the problem of linguistic personality and its manifestations in the author’s texts. The research methods in this paper are a structural and semantic analysis used to describe the structural-semantic features of sports commentary; comparative analysis and quantitative method for identifying individual author’s features of specific sports commentators; the descriptive method for identifying the characteristics of individual linguistic personalities. Results. The article presents the speech characteristics of sports commentators-analysts, analyzes the texts of the author’s comments of specific journalists. It describes analyzes the figurative and expressive means and lexical-stylistic techniques characteristic of the analyst’s speech. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The theoretical significance lies in the development of theoretical issues that are very important for further research on the semantics and pragmatics of lexical, grammatical, and stylistic units that are used in sports discourse.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider the main issues of grammatic and semantic features of the aspect category of the Russian verb, without which it is impossible to develop a methodology for teaching it to international students. Methodology and Approach. The main content of the study is the analysis of such problems of aspect as the grammatical semantic of the perfective and imperfective aspect, general and particular meanings of aspect, the aspectual pairs as grammatical forms of the verb, connection of the aspectual category with other verbal categories. The practical experience of teaching the aspectual category, which is one of the most difficult to study in Russian grammar, is summarized. The descriptive method, analytical and synthetical methods, comparative methods, methods of quantitative analysis are used. Results. According to the results of the study, the author concluded that the teaching of aspect to international students should be based on the aspectual verbs pairs; students must learn not only the formal characteristics of aspect but also to understand semantic features of it. Theoretical and Practical Implications consists of summarizing a number of debatable issues of aspectology from the point of view of teaching methods. Examples of exercises are proposed that allow forming skills of using aspectual verbs pairs.

Purpose. In the article, an attempt is made to raise the question of the relationship between opposite concepts as "text," "style," and "discourse." Methodology and Approach. Based on the works of Russian and international researchers, the author identifies the features of each concept and their key differences. The author concludes that the text, functional style and discourse are considered as speech phenomena: the text as an utterance, style and discourse as a conjunction of mutually intersecting texts, but not congruent in denotation of terms. Results. As a result of the study, the author concluded that the text as a single phenomenon is opposed to style and discourse as a group of texts. The units of style and discourse are verbal and non-verbal elements and the whole context in which they exist. The style is formed by a set of conditions, whereas the discourse is determined by the subject, area and the topic of discussion. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The results contribute to the development of the theory of discourse's studies and clarify the research vocabulary of the study (in the field of correlation of the terms "text," "style," and "discourse"). The practical significance is determined by the possibility of using the theory for the preparation for courses at higher school on functional styles, the theory of discourse, and its analysis.

Purpose. This work aims to study the peripheral units of the language - dialectisms - in their role to create accuracy, figurativeness of A.Solzhenitsyn’s journalistic speech. Methodology and Approach. In this article, some dialectisms used by A. Solzhenitsyn in his publicistic texts are analyzed. Notions of wide and narrow views are defined, the meaning, structure, distribution areal of regional words and the way of their entry into a text are reviewed. Results. Based on the analysis, it is found out that using dialectisms is justified by addressing communicative objectives. A.Solzhenitsyn, by using these words, multiplies and develops the richness of style of the Russian publicistic language. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The analysis presented in the article, the conclusions based on it can contribute to the expansion and refinement of data on stylistic techniques developed by A.Solzhenitsyn in journalism, to the evidence base on the expressive possibilities of dialectisms. The study is of practical importance for lexicography, learning A. Solzhenitsyn’s language on the scale of the supertext of this author.

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify the Pushkin concept of St. Petersburg in the poem "The Bronze Horseman", a stable set of motifs and images related to the "northern capital". Methodology and Approach. The article provides an analysis of the views of some previous and modern researchers of the last Pushkin poem. It argues that the "Peter's city" in Pushkin's creative mind was associated with the invincibility and power of Russia. The methodology lies in the revealing of Pushkin's literary devices in describing Petersburg (images, rhymes, epithets, etc.). Results. Attention is drawn to the fact that many of the images and colours in the painting of St. Petersburg are nothing but Pushkin's reminiscences and auto quotes, which does not change, in V. Belinsky's words, "high and powerful poetry" of not only the Introduction but also of the entire "St. Petersburg story". It is concluded that The Bronze Horseman is one of those Pushkin's works that laid the foundation for the Petersburg Text (V. Toporov's term) of Russian literature. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The article summarizes the material on the topic under study and, at the same time, introduces into scientific circulation the observations on the author's cultural, historical, and landscape characteristics of St. Petersburg presented in the Pushkin poem. Based on the analyzed material, we can conclude that in The Bronze Horseman Petersburg is presented as an object and subject of the story. The poetic techniques highlighted in the article are aimed at conveying Pushkin's perception of the magnificence, charm, and beauty of Petersburg and, at the same time, its disharmony during the hours of devastating floods, the full rule of the forces of nature.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the sources of the discussion between “Arzamas” and the “Young Archaists,” two ways of the Russian noblemen’s enlightenment. Methodology and Approach. It analyzed the texts that had motivated the “Arzamas” ideas if the noblemen’s freedom (the G. Derzhavin’s odes after the Catherine II’s tales, the A. Pushkin’s poems of 1810-20s, concentrating the themes of “Arzamas”), and the texts of their opponents (V. Kuchelbecker, K. Ryleev, K. Katenin, F. Glinka). The article references the works on the main points of the confrontation (J. Lotman, G. Lesskis, V. Altshuller, T. Akimova, etc.) Results. The analysis had shown that the opposition of the two groups had reflected two meanings of the freedom in Russian enlightenment. The “Young Archaists” had inherited from the French revolution the ideas of the roman republic and their classicist forms. The apology of the social responsibility of the poetry had pulled the “Young Archaists” towards the conservative “Colloquy of Lovers of the Russian Word.” “Arzamas” had rehabilitated “light poetry” as the demonstration of the noblemen’s freedom in the Nikolay I’s state. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The author managed to find the connection between the two poetical movements at the beginning of the 19th century with the general logic of the mental development of the noblemen’s culture at this time.

Purpose. The article explores the image of the Blue Flower as a symbol of a noble cause basing on the medieval “Meier Helmbrecht” medieval poem, on the novel by “Heinrich von Ofterdingen,” as well as on the reception of the blue flower in the world and national literature. Methodology and Approach. To establish the relationship between the image of the Blue Flower and the semantic component of the noble cause, the authors used the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the historical and genetic method to determine the birth and development of the image of the Blue Flower. Results. The relationship of the image of the Blue Flower with the noble deed as one of the components of its symbol is proved. Theoretical and Practical Implications. The study confirms that the image of the Blue Flower is a symbol of the noble cause as well as part of a mythical, holistic consciousness.