Mentality is regarded as a subconscious
archetypical focus on the system of attitudes of ethnolinguistic
awareness. Parables are the representatives
of those mental characteristics that contribute to the
maintenance of ethnic identity and point the native
speakers consciousness at Russian stereotypical
behavior and life rating. Parables genres due to their
semantic peculiarities are characterized by numerous
means of expressing mental groups that corresponds to
their cognitive-pragmatic status.

The article is devoted to the psychological-
linguistic problem of the present: influences of mass
media on the general and speech culture of the youth.
The author analyzes the obvious and latent mechanisms
of psychological and speech influence of mass media
on public consciousness and formation of the person
of rising generation. The author also believes that during
the reorganization period the latent violence was
done to the speech by penetration of foreign, vulgar and
slangy lexicon; and also speech aggression was used
to change peoples consciousness, prompting to panic.
The author emphasizes that Russian language policy
must be updated.

The article is devoted to different cases of
usage of imperative expressions with independent infinitive.
Compared to personal forms the independent
infinitive possesses greater degree of abstraction, as it
describes a generalized abstract action with no indication
of time, person and number. The article is devoted
to analysis of the use of imperative expressions with independent
infinitive. The sentences with the independent
infinitives are very close to imperative forms but they
express the will of the speaker more firmly and have the
meaning of obligation

This article considers possible levels of a
word understanding and is the first to present a graphic
interpretation of a word understanding process. The
scheme illuminates a number of the key moments:
different levels of a word understanding process,
the cases of a false referent perception under conditions
of the correct word form perception,
the universal character of the scheme.
The graphic interpretation of a word understanding
process allows to create a new definition to the process
of understanding itself.

The present article deals with preterminology
of the concept «man» in the Russian Middle Ages
from the philosophical and anthropological standpoint:
namely the teaching on the primacy of the intellectual
(spiritual) principle and speaking as a salient feature of
man in the living world. Speaking was related not only
to speech organs but also to the brain, heart and soul.

In the article chrononyms (the names of
periods and spots of time) and heortonyms (the names
of holidays) as the groups of peripheral proper names
are being studied; their definitions are being given; functions
of chrononyms and heortonyms are being analysed
using a contemporary Russian writer O. Ermakovs
novel «The Sign of a Beast»; their role in realization
of the theme and the idea of the work is revealed; the
importance of peripheral onyms study in a literary text is
being emphasized. It is shown that the cases when just
the proper names help to trace «the onomastic outline»
of the work are not rare.

The distinctive feature of the B. Zaytsevs
stories Athos and Valaam is the all-time present
time, which the writer uses to express the time of eternity,
because he cares most about the events, that
do not require grammatical expression of time. The
writer was able to show that Athos and Valaam are
the places where the soul (something through which
people communicate with God) is the most close to
him. The time is expressed by the context. All those
people and places mentioned in the works still exist.

Specific features of verbal and nonverbal
depiction of womanliness in the artistic space of a writer
are discussed. The range of linguistic and nonlinguistic
means of communication that constitute the communicational
behavior of a person is considered using
works of the 20th-century Russian literature as source
materials. The analysis of verbal and nonverbal communication
is expected to be helpful in making a holistic
portrait of a woman.

The present study describes the analysis
of the linguistic, historical, etymological dictionaries.
Also the article is devoted to the meanings of the word
глагол in Old Slavonic, Church Slavonic and Old Russian
languages. In order to examine word глагол as
a concept, the lexeme is analyzed in different phrases.
This study is significant and interesting because it touches
upon the changes, which have happened in Russian
language at different stages of its development.

The search for moral guidelines by characters
of novels Alexander Wolfs Ghost by G.Gazdanov
and Defeat by A.Fadeev is analyzed in the article, as
well as authors methodology to disclose a psychology
of the characters. The reference to L.Andreevs story
Yeliazar proves that Andreevs myth regarding the
influence of the beyond on human personality echoes
distinctly in writings created in the first half of the 20th
century. The influence of the other world creates the energy
of destruction in a human soul that destroys people
around it. The destruction of personality is closely associated
with its brutalization, which will be eventually
depicted in Fadeevs and Gazdanovs writings devoted
to Civil war. Trying to grasp the meaning of the tragic
reality they had to witness, the two authors (each in his
own way) define the spiritual and ideological bases of
human existence.

The author of the paper studies the history
of Russian emigrant writer Gaito Gazdanov entering
Spanish literature. This process was multifaceted,
contradictory and in many respects tragic. It is analyzed
in the perspective of the theory of literature, turning
directly to the researches of Spanish translators, along
with the theorists of translation, many of them have not
been translated into the Russian. The author regards
the reception process of Gazdanov comparing it with
Pushkins history of translation and perception in Spain,
on the strength of basic typical features of the Spanish
national translating tradition.

The article presents a comparative analysis
of the five Russian translations of P.B. Shelleys
poem «Ozymandias» (1817), created by Ch.Vetrinskiy
, A. Barykova, K. Balmont, N. Minskiy
, V. Bryusov in 1890-1916, which fully reflected
peculiarities of the social and political, cultural
and literary life in Russia in the end of the 19th-beginning
of the 20th centuries, in particular, weakening of
the political system position, growing of interest to the
culture of Ancient Egypt, strengthening of Romanticism
tendencies in the Russian poetry, that is Neoromanticism,
which appeared in contrast to Naturalism
in literature. While analyzing the authors considered
peculiarities of literary and critical understanding of
P.B.Shelleys works and their translations in Russia in
the end of the 19th-beginning of the 20th centuries,
gave information about interrelation of V. Bryusovs
translation and his own creative work, found the reminiscence
from «Ozymandias» in the original poem of
N. Minskiy «Human deeds and thoughts will pass like
dream...».

In the article the ballad of German poet is
regarded as a product of the literary situation in Germany
at the time. The author highlights the major ideological
and aesthetic trends that affect the poetics of
ballads, and puts forward a hypothesis about the role of
creativity of J.Ch. Günther J.F. Löwen, L.G.K. Hölty and
other poets in a ballad written by Bürger.

The object of the research in given article
is the literary portraits of politicians created by Russian
writers-emigrants (G. Adamovich, I. Bunin, Z. Gippius,
B. Zaytsev, A. Kuprin, N. Teffi, V. Khodasevich) in memoirs
prose of 1920-1950s. The author proves the importance
of comprehension of key events of a modern
epoch for memoirists - revolutions of 1917, Russian
Civil war, to emigration through a prism of perception
of historic figures and their influence on a course of
domestic history. The figurative judgement of current
historical events, their influence on destinies of people
has received ample opportunities of an embodiment in
memoirs of Russian writers.

M. Saltykov-Shchedrin made many valuable
observations in folklore. The satirist was interested
not only in literature, but also in scientific life of his epoch.
He was following the development of folklore, collected
the proverbs and sayings, took part in discussions about
the questions of folklore in his literary works. Saltykov-
Shchedrin was a supporter of the historical school of
Russian folklore, he supported the ideas of A. Pypin and
A. Veselovsky. All folklores genres live in Saltykov-Shchedrins
works.

The lyric works of the first A. Akhmatovas
book Evening, which to different extent contain
the childhood and youth motives, are analyzed in the
article. The author of article emphasizes the value and
the importance of their emotional and spiritual potential
for the poetic personality of A. Akhmatova and realizing
the essence of the book. For the first time the important
changes of the architectonics are determined and
analyzed, their introduction is caused by a number of
poems with the prevalence of the named motives in the
composition of the book. The conclusion about the role
of the motives of the childhood and youth in the architectonic
system of the book Evening is made.

The article studies the story «Bairama»
which belongs to early period of creative work of Czech
writer V. Halek. The objective of the analysis was to
show how the category of the author is expressed in a
text. It was elicited that images of the story-teller and the
author merge. The author reveals himself only in details:
in description of the Czech everyday life, nature, traditions,
characters features, phylosophical reflections,
while dialogues play greater role and take up the bigger
part of the story. The lexical-stylistic component also
testifies to the distinction in positions of the author and
the character.

The article studies the way oral and printed
words are used by Louise Erdrich, American novelist of
partly native origin, to represent two opposed cultures.
She gives poetic features to the world where the sound
of human voice is associated with love, care and kinship.
Words and actions of the characters show how common
traditions in the language can establish connections between
generations and epochs, save lives and help to
discover ones identity. Printed and written speech in
Tracks becomes personification of European tradition
bound to destruction of native American universe. In her
novels Erdrich describes life and stories of her Indian
ancestry. On the one hand, it contradicts her relation to
printed words, but on the other hand, it turns out to be
the only way to keep the tribal culture for further generations
in contemporary circumstances, when Indians are
being vanished by civilization and globalization.

The article focuses on problem of otherness
in creativity of Cuban-American novelists. The opposition
«own - foreign» is one of the major elements
in formation of national identity for immigrant culture. It
is possible to track biculturation in Christina Garcia and
Oscar Hijueloss novels, situation where the two cultures
achieve a balance that makes it difficult to determine
which is the dominant and which is the subordinate culture.
In attempt to translate cultural codes on universal
language of art they find possibility to overcome their
otherness and form the complete identity.