Article is devoted to the issue of studying strategies and tactics of the Russian speech. The author describes speech and behavior tactics that contribute to the implementation of the basic communication strategy of conflict resolution in the tourism discourse. A comprehensive analysis of the cooperative and confrontational tactics (the pragmatic aspect, characteristic of language indicators) is given as an example of conflicts between travel agencies and clients. On the basis of live communication material analysis it was concluded that the settlement of the conflict in the area of tourism takes place mainly through the implementation of the strategy of persuasion. Tactics of persuasion (manipulation) and hidden threats are used.

The article is devoted the analysis of problems of interpretation of legislative acts and other legal texts in legal hermeneutics. The analysis of the text of existing acts brings to light such problems as inconsistency of a legal language, lack of necessary definitions, ambiguity of understanding of the contents of the rule of law, a will and wish contradiction. The authors compare different approaches of defining the purpose of legal hermeneutics and argue that the methodological base of legal hermeneutics should be expanded.

The paper analyzes the encoding function and covering function of substantive metaphorical phrases in the poetry of the Silver Age. Metaphors with semantic field «city» were the object of the study. The encoding and covering functions are defined in the article. The authors explore how the functions combine, overlay and complement, and define the symbolic objects -streets, squares, bridges, residential and industrial buildings, etc., that form the image of the city. The nature and function of the substantive metaphorical phrases, which express images of Russian and European capitals, are analyzed.

The article is one of the readings of the poem «Dream» by M. Lermontov. The article gives an analysis of the poem basing on the opposition «close-far» as a method of interpretation of the poetic text. This artistic device revealed the poem's feature: mirror composition. The opposition «close-far» as a method of analysis of a literary text helped to expose the semantic function of «dream» component in creation of images «death» and «dream» in Lermontov's works. The authors of the article characterize the language means which form images of dream-death and dream-dream. Besides the core opposition «close-far» the following ones were identified and analyzed: «life-death», «soul-body», «earth-unearthly», «real-unreal», «he-she», «here-there», «memory-oblivion» which reveal the details, artistic idea and style of the poem «Dream».

The presented article deals with the problem of weak innovations' formation and functioning, connected with the renewal of modern Russian state administration lexics. The paper introduces the description of proper-semantic neologisms creative methods. The most productive ones are the following: metaphorical, metonymical and gender-aspect transfers (narrowing/broadening of meaning, semantic displacement). Special attention is paid to the investigation of new derivatives development processes in the content of word signs in the "state administration" sphere. These processes are followed by qualitative and quantitative changes at the level of separate semantic components.

At the turn of the 17^th century Russia and the Venetian Republic carried on active diplomatic correspondence. One of the charter types, sent abroad, was petition. The article is dedicated to the analysis of the charter concerning Count Botsis. The given charter is a striking example of a Tsar's petition. The charter has a specific character of a typical petition, its style is neutral, the most part of its vocabulary is traditional for a Tsar's epistle. However, there appear elements of a new communicative etiquette in the charter, which means the creation of a new style of petition.

The article refers to the relationship of the Orthodox religious discourse and religious view of the world and the concepts which fulfill it. The interconnection of these actuals is affirmed through the work of human mind and thinking their language conditionality. The thesis of the degree of stability of the religious conditionality component in the linguistic world is introduced. Hagiographic work is defined as the result of cognitive and discursive human activity in the religious view of the world and religious discourse, hagiographic concept is recognized as the component of the culture-oriented linguistics.

Rational and emotional are universal linguistic supercategories. They are represented in both lexical and grammatical systems and expressed through the specific set of particular categories and formal means. Rationality of the parts of speech in the modern Russian language is represented by a system of forms and categorial meanings, such as objectivity, processuality, attributivity. Subjectivity, emotionality are shaped by a system of particles and the categories of interjections. Rational means of the Russian language form sentences, that is define the unity of grammatical system. In the structure of the language the realization of analytical expressive forms of intensity takes place (Rus. как - какой, так - такой). In the real colloquial speech rational and emotional means coincide, which is expressed especially vividly in the infinitive sentences.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the verbal past forms system represented in the studied Slavonic literary monument of 11-12th centuries "Life of Theodosius Pechersky". The named system is one of the most important criteria of the literary language grammatical standards of the pre-national period. Strict Old Church Slavonic standard assumes that all the Proto-Slavic past forms are maintained in their original meanings in the literary monument's language. The destruction of such system in text which happened in the live language of the Eastern Slavs is the evidence of the loosening of the strict standard.

In article, the analysis of features of structure and semantics of the steady combinations which are the means of a nomination are presented along with consideration of their functioning in monuments of business writing of 17th century. Having analysed the given steady combinations, the author comes to conclusion that among the steady combinations in petitions one of the largest layers are names of persons which are subdivided into two kinds depending on a way of expression (syncrethemes, formulas). The study is based on written texts presented in the book «Monuments of business writing of 17th century: Vladimir region. Texts» edited by S. Kotkov.

Particular categories of expression of half-predicativity are not yet thoroughly examined. The article is devoted to the problem of subjective modality's influence on formation of the half-predicativity category. Subjective modality in the sentences with isolated parts can be expressed in various ways. Particles can be such means of expression of subjective-modal meaning and in some cases they are the main "condition" for the half-predicative parts isolation. The different groups of particles that form subjective-modal meaning are described in the article.
Частные категории выражения по- лупредикативности пока малоизучены. Cтатья по- священа вопросу влияния категории субъективной модальности на формирование полупредикатив- ности. Субъективная модальность в предложении с обособленными членами может быть эксплициро- вана различными средствами. Модальные частицы могут быть таким средством выражения субъектив- но-модальных значений и в ряде случаев являют- ся основным «условием» обособления полупредикативных оборотов. В статье описаны различные группы частиц, которые формируют субъективно-модальные значения.

The article deals with the investigation of the subjectivation's problem on the example of the autobiographical prose by Y. Nagibin. The author analyses characteristics and functions of the nonintrinsic-direct speech in the "Diary", studies the interaction between discourse, narration and description. After comparative analyze of the collected materials, the author has come to conclusion that the nonintrinsic-direct speech in the "Diary" is very similar to the direct speech and the graphically unmarked monologue, accentuating the depth of the narrator's point of view.

This article is a brief review of the prosthetic j-phenomenon in East Slavonic area, where only Belorussian and Ukrainian dialects are characterized as having a hard tendency to generate prosthetic consonants. In modern linguistics the question of initial sound variability is related to the Common Slavonic tendency to generate different prosthetic consonants, that is why the issue was mainly considered on the basis of Common Slavonic data. We offer an approach from the point of view of the contemporary state of dialects.

The article considers the character Poet in its two aspects in the Russian literature of the 18th century: poet's cultural role and poetic inspiration. In the ode and satire poet's cultural roles can be observed and traced throughout the entire epoch: a monarch's servant, healer of souls. The name-lexeme Poet is fre-quently replaced by the notion rhymer, incorporating the cultural role of 'non-poet' and poetic art lowered to craftsmanship. The authors claim the uniqueness of Poet among numerous rhymers. Poetic inspiration is depicted as spiritual rapture or a reflection under an oak tree, etc. The lexeme inspiration was introduced into the poetic paradigm towards the end of the 18th century

The article examines the problem of sin in drama on the material of comparative analysis of Pushkin's "Boris Godunov" and Ostrovsky's "Vasilisa Melentieva". The work identifies four-part algorithm which is in the basis of both plays: "power" - "sin" - "vengeance" - "repentance". The comparative study of these works allows to realize how peculiarly Ostrovsky continues Pushkin's tradition.

Problem of romantic aesthetics presence in French literature is investigated in the article. Novel «Rene» is interpreted in the ideological context of philosophical and artistic and aesthetic search of Chateaubriand, a bold experimenter in the novel's narrative. Particular attention is paid to connection of «Rene» with a treatise of Chateaubriand «Genius of Christianity,» where the author reveals the main features of the new art and literature. Poetics of the novel, methods of creating an image of the protagonist in his attitude to the world are analyzed. Also studied are figurative-expressive means, that demonstrate the proximity of the language of Chateaubriand to its metaphoric and symbolic language of poetry.

In article, the author studies the cinematography of A. Bely's «Moscow». The writer possessed cinematographic mentality. He, as in «Petersburg», created a daring artistic experiment - connected literature and cinema. The intensification of the entertainment, representational source, the vivid portrayal of gestures and the grotesque expression of face and the simultaneous weakness of the speech of characters corresponded to poetics of cinema fully as well as the rapid rhythm of physical of physical movements of characters. Andrey Bely's novels "The Moscow Eccentric», «Moscow Under Siege») - the novels-film scripts, marked by influence of expressionism.

Second-wave feminism, which began in the early 1960s, has raised concern about representation of gender issues in children's literature and made writers, critics and teachers talk about gender stereotypes and their impact on young readers' sense of personality. The British author Diana Wynne Jones, who started publishing her fantasy books for children and young adults in the 1970s, gives her own opinion about gender roles in the modern society based on her own observations.

The article is devoted to the understanding of the symbolic of landscape in Lukash's first émigré book. It demonstrates the artistic characteristic of nature images and how they are organized in the text. The investigation accentuates a correlation between landscape, seascape and skyscape. The image of sun is analyzed in detail. The author of the article also studies the symbolism of the title. The article shows how nature images help to express the key book's idea about historical continuity.

Moscow has played a huge role in P. Vyazemskiy's life. In the city «the best years» poet's life have passed, and he has been formed as a person and a writer. Vyazemskiy revives Moscow of the beginning of the 19th century in the memoirs articles written at his old age. The gallery of representatives Moscow's society of that time appears before the reader: the poet's father, N. Karamzin, V. Zhukovsky, Y. Lobanov, P. Kaverin, N. Mordvinov and others

The article is focused on the anomalous perception of space in Russian poetry of the beginning of the 19th century. The 'claustrophobic' perception is not only about a spontaneous reaction to any objective reality, but also a metaphorical model of vision of the world. Claustrophobic feelings become a result of a false existence or a providence activity which the human is not capable to change. The attributes of claustrophobic space generated in romantic literature (narrowness, closeness, cold, haze) are productive for the subsequent literary eras.

The article is devoted to analysis of the poetics of artistic and documentary essays of V. Gilyarovsky. We consider two groups of phenomena of artistic and documentary poetics: «detail»- »characteristic» and «type»-»prototype», and explore their relationship, function, and interdependence in the in the creative work of the writer. It is concluded that the named technique used by the author helps to create a more vivid social character types, and replace a significant part of the traditional characteristics of the character.

The traditional for Russian literature sailor's theme takes an important place in the works of N. Yazykov. The poet consistently uses the metaphor of sailing to describe the man's life. The way which is used to show the behaviour of the man fighting with the element allows to speak about the poet's moral ideals. Though in the second period of his creating writing Yazykov wrote poems about obedience and submission, the brightest in the emotional and artistic sense works were devoted to the confrontation of the man and the element symbolizing the fate.

The article proves the applicability of the problem of study of the dialogue between the poet of the first wave of Russian emigration V. Sumbatov and A. Fet. The important role in Sumbatov's life played N. Sollogub, a writer and interpreter, who was a friend of Fet and the person Sumbatov was brought up by. The author comes to the conclusion that this creative dialogue with wide meaning allows to dispel some misconceptions, - in particular Sumbatov's interpretation of Fet's lyric supports the observations of V. Shenshina that Fet was a highly spiritual religious personality. The materials from archives are used for argumentation. At the end of the article some possible ways for further investigation of cooperation of spiritual and literary contexts of Fet's and Sumbatov's art are set.

The article deals with the research of the short stories which reveal a one of the Christian virtues - humility - in lifelike surroundings. Several works of literature written by a priest Yaroslav Shipov are presented as a subject of the research. It is proved that leading motives of the writer's works show themselves in the selected short stories. The ways of the inclusion the prehistory of these motives into the plot as well as the descriptions of people's behaviour and their everyday life in the aforementioned short stories are commented on in the article. The author of the research depicts the dependence of all the elements of Shipov's poetic manner on the writer's goal to comprehend profound questions concerning morality, philosophy and religion.