The Derivational Nest of the Adjective Sytyi (‘Well-Fed) in V. I. Dal’s Dictionary in Terms of the History of the Russian Language

Aim. To describe the composition of the derivational nest of the adjective sytyi (‘well-fed’) in V. I. Dal's dictionary from the perspective of the history of the Russian language.

Methodology. An analysis was conducted on the lexical composition of the adjective sytyi (‘well-fed’) and its derivational nest in V. I. Dal’s dictionary, including a comparison with the nest of the same adjective in the Dictionary of the Russian Academy. The meaning of the words included in this nest was analysed in the historical context through the systemic connections of the words in the same nest and based on etymological and word-formation data. The study used a descriptive-analytical method, a method of component semantic and structural analysis, a method of quantitative data processing, and the results of etymological research.

Results. Based on the analysis of words of one nest in the dictionary of V. I. Dal in the context of the history of the Russian language, the following results were determined and substantiated. Firstly, the basic semantics ‘food’ in all lexemes of the nest is preserved. Secondly, the linguistic and cultural semantics and regular metonymic and metaphorical changes in the scope of the word was described. Thirdly, the narrowing of the semantic scope of the words under study was revealed. Fourthly, the differences in the nest representation of words with the same root in the Dictionary of the Russian Academy and V. I. Dal’s Dictionary were highlighted. The structural and semantic relations and the frequency of use of the adjectives sytyi (‘well-fed’) and sytnyi (‘nutritious’) analysed based on the data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language.

Research implications. The research conducted contributes to the study of the history of Russian words, including the study of the semantic and word-formation patterns of the development of words with the same historical root, using the language material from V. I. Dal’s dictionary.

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