Lexicalization of Somatic Diminutives in the Russian Language
https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5008-2023-5-102-114
Abstract
Aim. To analyze the phenomenon of lexicalization as an active process in the semantics of diminutive nouns naming parts of the human body. The authors focus on the complete or partial loss of the original forms of their “affectionate” and “expressive” meanings.
Methodology. The article analyzes the semantic structure of diminutive forms formed based on somaticisms against the background of the history of the study of the lexicalization phenomenon. The question is raised about the reasons for the absence of diminutives in some nouns of the studied group. The nature of the polysemy of diminutive forms is considered in detail. To solve these problems, the method of analyzing dictionary definitions, word-formation analysis, component analysis are used.
Results. Productive and unproductive word-formation models are revealed, according to which diminutives from the names of body parts (somatisms) are formed in the Russian language; semantic differences between variant forms are shown. The formation mechanism of diminutive-somatisms secondary meanings has been studied. Secondary nominations are divided into lexical-semantic groups. The authors come to the conclusion that “diminutive forms” should be considered the result of the word formation process, since they show independence in the development of the figurative meanings system. The regular lexicalization of these forms clearly indicates the conventionality of the boundary between modification and mutational word formation.
Research implications. The results of the study contribute to the lexicology, morphology, word formation of the modern Russian language, as well as to the theory of nomination. They can be used in compiling educational dictionaries intended for foreign students.
About the Authors
E. V. Ogoltseva
Moscow Pedagogical State University; St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterina V. Ogoltseva – Dr. Sci. (Philological Sciences), Prof., Department of the Russian Language; Prof., Department of Slavic Philology
ul. Malaya Pirogovskaya 1 str. 1, Moscow 119991
Yufei Zhou
Moscow Pedagogical State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Zhou Yufei – Postgraduate Student, Department of the Russian Language
ul. Malaya Pirogovskaya 1 str. 1, Moscow 119991
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